Which duty makes an official liable for negligence?

The question focuses on duties associated with official roles and their implications for liability in cases of negligence. The correct answer is judicial duty, which pertains to the responsibilities and actions of judges and other judicial officers.

Judicial duties involve the impartial application of the law, decision-making in legal matters, and ensuring due process is upheld. Judges are expected to perform their roles with a high standard of care, as their decisions significantly impact the rights and lives of individuals. If a judge fails to fulfill these duties properly, resulting in a serious error that causes harm, they can be held liable for negligence. This liability arises particularly in situations where the judge's conduct breaches the expected standard of care that is necessary to protect the rights of parties involved in a case.

In contrast, the other duties listed—administrative, legislative, and executive—do not carry the same level of direct personal liability for negligence. Administrative duties relate more to the management of government agencies and may involve different standards of oversight. Legislative duties involve lawmakers creating laws, where liability is usually shielded under legislative immunity. Executive duties encompass the enforcement of laws, which also generally offers certain protections against claims of negligence while executing those duties.

Thus, judicial duty stands out as the area where an official can be